Do you consider yourself an introvert or an extrovert? Or maybe a combination of both? Introverts and extroverts are two of the most commonly discussed personality traits, however, being introverted or extroverted is not a black-and-white issue. There are many shades of gray in between the two, and most people exhibit traits of both. In fact, most people fall somewhere in the middle of the spectrum, rather than at either extreme, called ambiversion. Understanding the differences between introverts and extroverts, and how these differences can affect mental health, can be helpful in developing better relationships and improving overall well-being.
WHAT ARE INTROVERTS AND EXTROVERTS?
The terms “introvert” and “extrovert” were popularized by the Swiss psychiatrist, Carl Jung in the early 1900’s. “Introvert” is taken from Latin. “Intro” means “inward” or “to the inside” and “vertere” means “to turn.” So together, they mean “to turn inward.” And “extrovert,” of course, means “to turn outward.”
Introverts are often thought of as shy and reserved, but mistaking introversion for shyness is a common mistake. Introversion is a preference, whereas shyness stems from distress (it is also possible to be both shy and introverted). Introverts tend to be more introspective and prefer solitary activities over large social gatherings, but they do not necessarily fear social interactions like shy people do. They tend to find it draining to be around large groups of people for extended periods of time, and may need time alone to recharge their batteries. A study published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology found that introverts tend to be more sensitive to stimuli, meaning they are more easily overwhelmed by sensory input. This can make socializing and being in noisy, crowded environments challenging for them.
Extroverts, on the other hand, tend to be more outgoing and sociable. They thrive in social situations and are energized by being around other people. They may find it difficult to be alone for extended periods of time, and may feel bored or restless when they are not around others. Extroverts are often talkative, assertive, and enjoy sharing their feelings with others. They are likely to take charge in social situations and enjoy leadership roles. Additionally, extroverts are often open to trying new experiences and taking risks to seek out novelty and excitement.
HOW INTROVERSION AND EXTROVERSION AFFECTS MENTAL HEALTH
Both introverts and extroverts can experience mental health issues, but the way these issues manifest can be different. For example, introverts may be more prone to anxiety and depression, while extroverts may be more prone to addiction and impulsivity.
Introverts may struggle with anxiety and depression because they tend to process information more deeply than extroverts. Their tendency to be more sensitive to distractions such as noise and bright light can make them feel overwhelmed and anxious. They may also be more prone to rumination and negative self-talk, which can contribute to feelings of depression.
On the other hand, extroverts may be more prone to addiction and impulsivity because they tend to seek out stimulation and excitement. They may be more likely to engage in risky behaviors, such as drug and alcohol use, because of their desire to thrill-seek. Their struggle with impulse control can also lead to problems with gambling, shopping, and other addictive behaviors.
It is important to note that these are generalizations and do not necessarily apply to all introverts and extroverts. Additionally, both personality types have unique strengths and weaknesses, and neither is inherently better than the other, but both introverts and extroverts can benefit from taking care of their mental health. Here are some tips for each personality type:
TIPS FOR INTROVERTS
– Honor your need for alone time: Introverts need alone time to recharge their batteries, so it’s important to prioritize this, especially if you have a job or living situation that requires a lot of interaction with others. Schedule time for leisurely, quiet activities such as reading, writing, or taking a walk outside.
– Embrace your strengths: Introverts are often good listeners because they tend to be attentive and thoughtful, allowing them to pick up on subtle cues and insights. They are also often great problem-solvers because they tend to be very thoughtful and analytical. These strengths can go a long way in both professional and personal settings.
– Set boundaries: Don’t be afraid to say no to overwhelming social gatherings or situations. Know your limits and don’t overextend yourself for the sake of being polite. It is possible to politely decline invitations.
– Practice self-care: Introverts may be more sensitive and therefore become overwhelmed easily, so make sure to take care of your physical and emotional needs such as getting enough rest, eating well, and engaging in activities you enjoy.
– Find ways to express yourself: While introverts may prefer quiet and solitude, it’s important to find ways to express yourself, whether it’s through writing, art, music, or other creative outlets.
TIPS FOR EXTROVERTS
– Build deep connections: While extroverts may enjoy meeting lots of new people, it’s important to also build deep and meaningful relationships with people who share your values and interests.
– Develop your communication skills: Extroverts excel in social settings and have the opportunity to practice and hone their communication skills regularly, which serves them well both professionally and personally.
– Embrace your love for new experiences: As an extrovert, you likely enjoy new experiences, so lean into that. Facilitate new and exciting activities, take leadership roles, and attend social events.
– Practice balance: Despite their love of social interaction, even extroverts can experience burnout, so it’s vital to take care of yourself and take alone time to recharge your batteries too.
– Be mindful of others’ needs: While extroverts may thrive on social interaction, it’s important to be aware of others’ needs for alone time and quiet. Make sure to give people space and respect their boundaries.
